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pytensor
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88df8436
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88df8436
authored
1月 18, 2010
作者:
James Bergstra
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...
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ for more details see :ref:`extending`.
...
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ for more details see :ref:`extending`.
The first step in writing Theano code is to write down all mathematical
The first step in writing Theano code is to write down all mathematical
relations using symbolic placeholders (**variables**). When writing down
relations using symbolic placeholders (**variables**). When writing down
th
is
expressions you use operations like ``+``, ``-``, ``**``,
th
ese
expressions you use operations like ``+``, ``-``, ``**``,
``sum()``, ``tanh()``. All these are represented internally as **ops**.
``sum()``, ``tanh()``. All these are represented internally as **ops**.
An **op** represents a certain computation on some type of inputs
An **op** represents a certain computation on some type of inputs
producing some type of output. You can see it as a function definition
producing some type of output. You can see it as a function definition
...
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ Theano builds internally a graph structure composed of interconnected
...
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ Theano builds internally a graph structure composed of interconnected
**variables**. It is important to make the difference between the
**variables**. It is important to make the difference between the
definition of a computation represented by an **op** and its application
definition of a computation represented by an **op** and its application
to some actual data which is represented by the **apply** node. For more
to some actual data which is represented by the **apply** node. For more
details about th
is
building blocks see :ref:`variable`, :ref:`op`,
details about th
ese
building blocks see :ref:`variable`, :ref:`op`,
:ref:`apply`. A graph example is the following:
:ref:`apply`. A graph example is the following:
...
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ computation) down to its leaves using the owner field.
...
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ computation) down to its leaves using the owner field.
Take for example the following code:
Take for example the following code:
.. code-block:: python
.. code-block:: python
x = T.dmatrix('x')
x = T.dmatrix('x')
y = x*2.
y = x*2.
...
@@ -103,8 +104,8 @@ nodes ( :ref:`apply` nodes are those who define what computations the
...
@@ -103,8 +104,8 @@ nodes ( :ref:`apply` nodes are those who define what computations the
graph does). For each such :ref:`apply` node, its :ref:`op` defines
graph does). For each such :ref:`apply` node, its :ref:`op` defines
how to compute the gradient of the node's outputs with respect to its
how to compute the gradient of the node's outputs with respect to its
inputs. Note that if an :ref:`op` does not provide this information,
inputs. Note that if an :ref:`op` does not provide this information,
it is assumed that the gradient does not
exist, and all results that
it is assumed that the gradient does not
defined.
depend on this gradient will be 0s.
Using the
Using the
`chain rule <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chain_rile>`_
`chain rule <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chain_rile>`_
these gradients can be composed in order to obtain the expression of the
these gradients can be composed in order to obtain the expression of the
gradient of the graph's output with respect to the graph's inputs .
gradient of the graph's output with respect to the graph's inputs .
...
...
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